Hva\u00f0 er sk\u00f6punarm\u00e1ttur, sk\u00f6punarkraftur e\u00f0a sk\u00f6punarkjarkur og hvers vegna er hann mikilv\u00e6gur ? <\/p>\n
Innra me\u00f0 okkur h\u00f6fum vi\u00f0 hugmyndaflug, \u00edmyndunarafl sem fleytir okkur \u00e1fram (ver\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 segja mismiki\u00f0 – \u00fev\u00ed mi\u00f0ur). <\/p>\n
B\u00f6rn b\u00faa yfir einst\u00f6kum h\u00e6fileika til sk\u00f6punar en \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9st einna helst \u00e1 hugmyndum \u00feeirra sem \u00feau varpa fram og \u00ed sj\u00e1lfsprottnum leik \u00feeirra. <\/p>\n
Fr\u00e1 f\u00e6\u00f0ingu er forvitnin barninu e\u00f0lisl\u00e6g og \u00fear gerir endalausar tilraunir \u00ed umhverfi s\u00ednu. \u00cd \u00feessu samhengi er bennt \u00e1 \u00fe\u00e1 athyglisver\u00f0u sta\u00f0reynd a\u00f0 b\u00f6rn fr\u00e1 unga aldri b\u00faa yfir r\u00edkulegum og kraftmiklum eiginleikum til sk\u00f6punar en me\u00f0 \u00e1runum \u00feverrar \u00feessi h\u00e6fileiki svo um munar en vi\u00f0 \u00feekkjum \u00f6ll \u00feegar b\u00f6rn l\u00e1ta umhverfi\u00f0 og vi\u00f0horf annarra hafa \u00e1hrif \u00e1 sig og frumkv\u00e6\u00f0i til frumlegra athafna. <\/p>\n
Sir Ken Robinson vill meina a\u00f0 sk\u00f3lakerfi\u00f0 drepi ni\u00f0ur sk\u00f6punarkraft barnanna me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 gera endalausar tilraunir \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 steypa \u00feeim \u00f6llum \u00ed sama form me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 l\u00e1ta \u00feau \u00f6ll l\u00e6ra sama n\u00e1msefni\u00f0, me\u00f0 s\u00f6mu \u00e1herslunum og s\u00ed\u00f0an a\u00f0 meta \u00feau me\u00f0 st\u00f6\u00f0lu\u00f0um pr\u00f3fum – sem \u00f6ll sk\u00f3lakerfi \u00ed heiminum geta mi\u00f0a\u00f0 sig vi\u00f0. Robinson bendir \u00e1 me\u00f0 b\u00f3kum s\u00ednum og fyrirlestrum a\u00f0 allir hafi m\u00f6guleika \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vera hugmyndar\u00edkir og skapandi en \u00fea\u00f0 \u00feurfi a\u00f0 veita \u00fev\u00ed farveg og \u00fea\u00f0 s\u00e9 h\u00e6gt me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 sk\u00f3lakerfi\u00f0 endursko\u00f0i vi\u00f0tekinn hugsunarh\u00e1tt gagnvart skapandi vinnubr\u00f6g\u00f0um. Robinson bendir r\u00e9ttilega \u00e1 a\u00f0 allt fr\u00e1 t\u00edmum i\u00f0nbyltingar og upphafi \u00feess sk\u00f3lakerfis sem vi\u00f0 \u00feekkjum \u00ed dag hafi \u00e1herslan veri\u00f0 l\u00f6g\u00f0 \u00e1 akadem\u00edska menntun sem hennti vel til a\u00f0 ,,b\u00faa til\u201d vinnuafl fyrir i\u00f0na\u00f0inn og var dregi\u00f0 \u00far b\u00f6rnum ef \u00feau vildu einbeita s\u00e9r a\u00f0 listgreinum e\u00f0a skapandi starfi(Robinson, 2013). http:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wnet\/ted-talks-education\/speaker\/ken-robinson\/ ; (Robinson, 2010)Robinson, 2011). <\/p>\n
\u00cd kenningum Dewey, Malaguzzi, Montessori og Vygotsky, grundvallast s\u00fa stefna a\u00f0 virkja eigi me\u00f0f\u00e6dda forvitni og sk\u00f6punar\u00fer\u00e1 barnsins og a\u00f0 \u00ed henni felist m\u00f6guleikar barnsins til n\u00e1ms. \u00cd kennsluh\u00e1ttum \u00e1 a\u00f0 leyfa b\u00f6rnum a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 framkv\u00e6ma og \u00ed verkahring kennarans v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 veita barninu t\u00e6kif\u00e6ri til a\u00f0 \u00f6\u00f0last reynslu og a\u00f0 tileinka s\u00e9r kunn\u00e1ttu til a\u00f0 efla sj\u00e1lfsmynd og sj\u00e1lfsvitund barnsins. Einnig a\u00f0 barni\u00f0 geti \u00edhuga\u00f0, kanna\u00f0 og \u00e1lykta\u00f0 \u00feannig a\u00f0 \u00fea\u00f0 ver\u00f0i a\u00f0 sj\u00e1lfst\u00e6\u00f0um og vitsmunalega \u00ferosku\u00f0um einstaklingi. Hlutverk kennarans er ekki einungis a\u00f0 r\u00e9tta barninu verkf\u00e6ri og b\u00ed\u00f0a s\u00ed\u00f0an a\u00f0ger\u00f0alaus hj\u00e1 heldur einnig a\u00f0 hj\u00e1lpa barninu af sta\u00f0, a\u00f0 vera veitandi, sty\u00f0jandi og lei\u00f0beinandi (Dewey, 1938\/2000). <\/p>\n
Heimildir
\nDewey, J. (1938\/2000). Reynsla og menntun (Gunnar Ragnarsson \u00fe\u00fdddi). Reykjav\u00edk: Ranns\u00f3knarstofnun Kennarah\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. (Upphaflega gefi\u00f0 \u00fat 1938).
\nBodrova, E. og Leong, D. J. (2007). Tools of the mind. The Vygotskian approach to early childhood education. New Jersey: Pearson.
\nKen Robinson, (2011). Out of Our Minds: Learning to be Creative
\nLillard, P.P. (1972). Montessori. A Modern Approach. New York. Schocken Books.
\nhttp:\/\/www.montessori.edu\/prod.html
\nhttp:\/\/www.pbs.org\/wnet\/ted-talks-education\/speaker\/ken-robinson\/ <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Hva\u00f0 er sk\u00f6punarm\u00e1ttur, sk\u00f6punarkraftur e\u00f0a sk\u00f6punarkjarkur og hvers vegna er hann mikilv\u00e6gur ? Innra me\u00f0 okkur h\u00f6fum vi\u00f0 hugmyndaflug, \u00edmyndunarafl sem fleytir okkur \u00e1fram (ver\u00f0 \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 segja mismiki\u00f0 –… Read The Rest →<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-180","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blyantur.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/180","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blyantur.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blyantur.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blyantur.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blyantur.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=180"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/blyantur.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/180\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":434,"href":"https:\/\/blyantur.is\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/180\/revisions\/434"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blyantur.is\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=180"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}